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This Victorian Web Home  —>  Visual Arts  —>  Book Illustration  —>  John Tenniel  —>  Lewis Carroll  —>  Next Alice at the Mad Hatter's tea party  — Illustration to the seventh chapter of  Alice in Wonderland  by John Tenniel. Wood-engraving by Thomas Dalziel Tenniel here illustrates in his own wonderful way Carroll's use of two familiar expressions, "mad as a march hare" and "mad as a hatter." Large rabbits or hares run around wildly in the spring, acting differently from other times of year because spring is their mating season. During the Victorian years hatters (people who made hats) worked with mercury, a particularly toxic substance that causes certain forms of mental degeneration. Did Carroll intend anything in particular by drawing upon these familiar expressions? How does Tenniel depict madness? Does he add any twists or intonations not found in Carroll's chapter? Is the expression Tenniel puts on ...